Much of what takes place in the ocean is out of sight. There is an extent to which underwater measurements must be taken from below the surface, and at times it is inaccessible to people. Ocean gliders enable people to make these measurements through the use of robots.
What is an Ocean Glider?
NOAA reports an ocean glider to be an "unmanned underwater vehicle capable of making scientific measurements". Based on the equipment needed, gliders can take a variety of measurements. Long distance and endurance is possible since the robot does not need frequent maintenance.
A type of glider uses variations in its buoyancy as a propulsion system. The vehicle's wings turn the vertical movement into forward motion.
This is different from a typical boat or ship that uses propellers.
The Necessity of Underwater Measurements
According to NOAA, the use of gliders allows for information that a satellite or ship may not be able to acquire. Missions are possible in regions where sending people would be too dangerous, such as during a hurricane.
Suppose there is a group of scientists that wants to know the temperature of the water at various depths. If a measurement is taken at the surface, a portion of the information is unavailable. A glider that has the appropriate sensors may be deployed to measure the desired values.
The example presented describes the importance of a glider's location being able to acquire scientific data. It is just as important that the glider has the correct equipment for the mission it is undertaking.
Getting Started with Autonomous Vehicles
NOAA describes the basic function of a glider to be following a series of waypoints and compiling data over a course of days, or even months. Because of this, the type of information gathered must be decided before launch.
A vehicle may travel the desired course and collect data that does not support the intended purpose of the mission.
Having a specific goal in mind will allow researchers to connect the technology with the science.
Conclusion
Ocean gliders support the idea of using robots for scientific purposes. The vehicles are crucial in gaining access to data from regions that may be inaccessible or dangerous. A properly functioning glider has endurance, the right sensors, and a defined purpose.